what causes burkitt's l Prognosis and survival for prostate cancer

Prognosis and survival for prostate cancer


If you have prostate cancer, you may be asking questions about your prognosis. Prognosis is the act by which the Doctor best evaluates how the cancer will affect a person affected. Prognosis and survival depend on many factors. Only a doctor who is familiar with your medical history, the type, stage and characteristics of the cancer you are diagnosed with, the treatments selected and the treatment response can examine all of these data in conjunction with the survival statistics To come up with a prognosis.

A prognostic factor is an aspect of cancer or a characteristic of the person who is affected by the physician when making a prognosis.

The following elements are prognostic factors of prostate cancer.

Stage
Lower stage prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis results in a more favorable prognosis. The prognosis of a cancer that did not spread outside the prostate at the time of diagnosis is better than that of a cancer that did it.

Grade
Prostate cancer with a Gleason rating of less than 7 results in a more favorable prognosis. When the Gleason rating is greater than 7, prostate cancer is considered to be of high grade, which means that cancer cells develop rapidly and are more likely to propagate.

Prostate specific antigen rate (APS)
Some research indicates that a higher-than-normal prostate-specific antigen (APS) level may cause a dark prognosis, as a high PSA rate is associated with an increased risk of spreading cancer of the prostatic.

APS doubling time
The APS doubling time evaluates the time taken by the APS rate to double. For example, a doubling time of the APS of 3 years means that on average, the rate of APS doubles every 3 years. The doubling time of APS helps doctors determine if prostate cancer is aggressive, that is, it tends to grow rapidly and spread. A shorter doubling time is associated with a darker prognosis.

Smoking
Some evidence indicates that men who smoke at the time of diagnosis are more likely to have a biochemical recurrence (also known as biochemical failure) and to die of prostate cancer than men who do not smoke. A biochemical recurrence means that the PSA rate increases after treatment without any other signs of cancer.

Rate of certain chemical substances in the blood
A change in the rate of certain chemical substances in the blood can lead to a dark prognosis in men with metastatic hormone-resistant prostate cancer:

High Alkaline phosphatase Rate
Low levels of hemoglobin
Low albumin
High rate of LDH
Learn more about the chemical substances measured in the blood.

Genetic Signatures
The genetic expression profile is a way of analyzing many genes at once to know which ones are active and which are not. Physicians have found several abnormal genetic models (genetic signatures) in people with prostate cancer. These genetic signatures help them make a prognosis. Some genetic signatures are related to better prognosis and better response to treatment while other signatures are associated with a darker prognosis.

Using Nomograms to evaluate prognosis
Nomograms are predictive statistical models that evaluate the probable prognosis by taking into account the stage, the Gleason rating, the APS rate, pathology reports written as a result of biopsies, the use of hormone therapy, the dose of and other information specific to the man reached as his age or the treatment he has already received.

The nomograms used to determine prostate cancer prognosis include the following.

Nomogram of the Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment (CAPRA)

Physicians use the Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment (CAPRA) Nomogram to help them estimate the risk of cancer spreading, to estimate the risk that a man will die of prostate cancer and Make decisions on treatment This nomogram is based on the following elements:

APS Rate

Gleason Odds

Percentage of biopsy samples with cancer

Stage of cancer at the time of diagnosis (clinical stage)

Age at time of diagnosis

Party Tables

Party tables are nomograms that help physicians estimate the risk of cancer spreading before surgery to remove the prostate and make treatment decisions. The party tables are based on the following elements:

Gleason Odds

APS Rate

Stage

Prognostic groups of the TNM classification

The prognostic groups of the prostate cancer TNM classification are based on the stage, APS rate and Gleason rating. This grouping allows estimating the prognosis with greater accuracy than by using only the TNM staging system. The men in group I have the best prognosis and have the best chance that the cancer will be treated successfully and not return (no recurrence). The men in group II ranked second in the prognosis, followed by the men in group III. Although the prognosis of men in group IV is darker compared to other groups, it is still possible that treatment options manage their cancer, improve their quality of life and prolong their survival.