t cell lymphoma | T-cell lymphoma

T-cell lymphoma

INTRODUCTION
T-cell lymphoma describes several types of non-hodgkin's Lymphoma that affects the cells of T. Together with Lymphomas involving NK cells, this can amount to a kind of sekitat 1 of 8 cases 1 T cells and NK cells (lymphocytes), is a group of cells that normally protect the body from disease, such as eliminate from our virus-infected cells. 2
In brief, the lymphoma is the result where DNA damage occurs or changes that occur on the immune cells (lymphocytes) that are changing the habits of DNA damage of cells. generate abnormal production of proteins which are supposed to protect cells from death, or cause rapid cell division than it should be. These malignant cells can accumulate into tumors in the area where the normal part of cell types are, e.g. on limfonodus, skin, Mucosa, and others 2 Grouping of T cell lymphoma is based on how the effect on T cell itself, namely:
• Precursor T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma-
• Blastic NK-cell lymphoma
• Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
• Extranodal NK-/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
• Subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma panniculitislike
Mycosis fungoides •
• Sézary syndrome
• Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma
• Peripheral T-cell lymphoma
• Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
• Anaplastic large cell lymphoma3 .6

The INCIDENCE of

In the United States itself is still very rare. In China, it is the second largest of the type of non-hodgkin's ekstranodal. Ratio of men and women in patients with T cell Lymphoma about 2.5:1.0. The average age of this disease on the Decade of 40 and 50. Overall, the T cell Lymphoma patients tend to be younger with patients with lymphoma. 4, 5, 6, 7

ETIOPATOGENESIS
Histologically, lymphoma of primary nasal NK cells (T or NK cells) are characterized by infiltrates of cells mix with the invasion of the lymphoid angiosentrik and occlusion of blood vessels, thereby going from normal tissue ischemic nokrosis and neoplasm ... Where the destructive inflammatory process visible on the nose and traktus atas4 section respiratori .7 research from Asian and Western countries showed a relationship that probably between Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Nasal T cell Lymphoma. Mechanisms and potential to treatment in the future, still not deketahui. Lesions are characterized by marker of T-cell-lineage CD2 +, CD45RO +, CD7, CD43 (+) (+) and markerNK-Cell-associated C56 sometimes appear. CD56 is present on the cell adhesion molecules that are seen in neural property bound to hofilik. However, other T cell antigens are sometimes not there, such as CD3 and CD5 (-) (-). 4.6 SYMPTOMS CLINIC

In general the tumors invade locally. Significantly, the lesions in gray or yellow with a fragile granuler surface which tends to spread to the midline septum nasi or palate. Sometimes, the tumor can be menginfiltrasi about network cavum nasi, orbita, or the oropharynx. The cranialis sometimes affected too. If spread, the tumor can be found in the skin, gastrointestinal, and testes traktur.
The most frequent clinical overview is nasal obstruction, rinorea purulent feses, is the second most populous of the clinical symptoms are. Systemic symptoms such as fever and weight danpenurunan found only in some cases. Aside from the cavum Nasi, a place that is affected is the skin, gut, testes, kidney, respiratory traktus over, and sometimes on the eyes. The skin is the most frequently affected after cavum nasi and the nasopharynx and skin involvement is biased only primary or secondary of this disease. About 10-20% darilimfoma nasal also experienced a skin disorder. Cutaneous T cell Lymphoma Nasal more often in women, and more often than T cells attack the cells of the NKdan is rarely associated with EBV. This aggressive disease, with live traffic 5 months with extra cutaneous disease and cutaneous.

Manifestation on the head and neck:
• Monocular
• Penerunan the sharpness of vision
• Nasal Obstruction
• Purulent feses on nasal Secretions
• Epistaksis
• Hearing weakened
• Ulcer on the palate
• Odinofagi
• Disfagi
• Velopharyngeal Incompetence (VPI)
• Trismus
• Halitosis
• Otalgi
• Swelling Of The Face
• Dispneu
• Hoarseness

MANAGEMENT

The combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy looks more effective than the therapy performed singly. The main Predictor of success with radiation can be as kotnrol from the primary lesion occurs before deployment. The latest news from the results of therapy on 13 patients with lymphoma, T-cell 8 patients (62%) respond to therapy; 6 patients (46%) of whom respond well, and 2 patients (16%) did not provide a response to a maximum of 5 patients (38%) live, 4 of which are not found disease in 1, 2, 3, and 9 years after treatment.

The PROGNOSIS

Nasal T cell Lymphoma may manifest as an isolated lesion on nose and midline structure that causes the destruction of local tissues in the next period. It also can spread on the skin of the face, and sometimes on the lungs. For that, this disease is very fatal if left untreated.